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Ownership of Bonds

Bonds can be classified as to how ownership is determined.

Bearer Bonds

Bearer bonds, or coupon bonds, have no name or other identifying information on them; interest and principal are paid to the bearer of the bond; hence the name. Because bearer bonds are highly negotiable, they were used in money laundering, so the Tax Act of 1982 ended any new issuance of bearer bonds, but they still exist because of their long lifespan�up to 30 years. They are called coupon bonds because the bond certificates have interest coupons attached to them, which are redeemed biannually at an authorized bank, which will also redeem the bond when it matures if presented.

Registered Bonds

Registered bonds are registered to the owner. Interest payments, and the principal when the bond matures, are paid to the registered owner by the company or its trustee. Some bonds are registered, but nonetheless have interest coupons attached to them, so sometimes these are referred to as partially registered bonds.

Book Entry Bonds

Book entry bonds have no certificate, ownership is tracked by computer. The U.S. Treasury, for instance, has used this method of determining ownership since 1986. Eventually, because of its low cost and easy record access, all ownership will probably be tracked this way.

Introduction to Bonds

Bond Ownership

Corporate Bonds

Municipal Bonds

Federal Government Securities

Ginnie Mae, Sallie Mae

Bond Ratings and Credit Risk

Bond Yields, Credit Risk, Taxable Equivalent Yield (TEY)

Repayment of Bond Principal

Special Bonds - Advanced Refunded Bonds, Put Bonds, Convertible Bonds

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Information is provided 'as is' and solely for education, not for trading purposes or professional advice.