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Taxes

The income tax has made liars out of more Americans than golf. — Will Rogers

  • Tax Structure: Tax Base, Tax Rate, Proportional And Progressive Taxation
  • Tax Policy Objectives
  • Tax Incidence: How The Tax Burden Is Shared Between Buyers And Sellers
  • Deadweight Loss of Taxation
  • Double Taxation
  • Republican Tax Policy: Redistributing the Wealth from Working People to the Wealthy
  • Types of Taxes
  • Tax Basis
  • Tax Planning
  • Tax Year

Income Taxation

  • Gross Income, Adjusted Gross Income (AGI), and Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI)
  • Tax Formula to Determine Taxable Income from Gross Income
  • Itemized Deductions
  • Standard Deduction
  • Personal and Dependency Exemptions
  • Qualifying Child and Qualifying Relative
  • Filing Status
  • Wages, Salary, And Other Compensation
  • Taxation of Fringe Benefits
  • Fringe Benefits: Health And Accident Coverage, Flexible Spending Arrangements, Health Reimbursement Arrangements, Access Rules And COBRA Coverage
  • Additional Medicare Tax
  • Kiddie Tax
  • Taxation of Alimony, Separate Maintenance Payments, and Child Support
  • Imputed Interest On Below-Market Loans
  • Taxation Of Social Security Benefits and Tier 1 Equivalent Railroad Retirement Benefits
  • Tax Savings on Capital Gain of a Principal Residence
  • Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) for Individuals
  • Taxation of Employee Stock Options
  • Taxation Of Restricted Stock Compensation
  • Taxation of Canceled Debt, Including Foreclosures and Short Sales
  • Tax Consequences of Abandonments, Foreclosures, Repossessions, Voluntary Conveyances, and Bad Debts for the Lender
  • Foreign Income
  • Foreign Earned Income Exclusion
  • Foreign Tax Credit
  • Tax Attributes

If Patrick Henry thought that taxation without representation was bad, he should see how bad it is with representation. — Old Farmer's Almanac

Personal Deductions

  • Itemized Deductions For Home Mortgage Interest, Points, and Qualified Mortgage Insurance Premiums
  • Deductibility Of Charitable Contributions
  • Moving Expense Deductions
  • Miscellaneous and Job-Related Deductions
  • Deductions For Casualty And Theft Losses
  • Medical and Dental Expense Deductions
  • Standard Mileage Rate for Deducting Car and Truck Expenses
  • Deductibility Of Taxes: State, Local, and Foreign Income Taxes, General Sales Taxes, and Real Estate Taxes

Tax Credits

  • Tax Credits
  • Earned Income Credit (EIC)
  • Child Tax Credit
  • Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses
  • Credit for The Elderly and Disabled
  • Education Tax Credits: American Opportunity Credit, Hope Scholarship Credit, Lifetime Learning Credit
  • Adoption Credit for Qualified Adoption Expenses
  • Retirement Savings Contribution Credit (Saver's Credit)
  • The Retirement Savings Contribution Credit—Not The Bonanza That It Seems
  • Foreign Tax Credit (FTC)
  • Residential Energy Credits

Educational Tax Benefits

  • Scholarships, Fellowships, Grants, and Tuition Reductions
  • Education Tax Credits: American Opportunity Credit, Hope Scholarship Credit, Lifetime Learning Credit
  • Educational Tuition And Fees Deduction
  • Student Loan Interest Deduction; Student Loan Cancellations And Repayment Assistance
  • Coverdell Education Savings Account
  • Qualified Tuition Programs (529 Plans)
  • Employer-Provided Educational Assistance
  • Business Deductions for Work-Related Education
  • Tax Benefits of Using Early IRA Distributions to Pay for Education

Other Tax Topics

  • Liability Relief On Joint Returns: Innocent Spouse Relief, Separation Of Liability, Equitable Relief, Relief From Liability Arising From Community Property Law, and Injured Spouse Claims for Refund
  • Tax-Free Like-Kind Exchanges Of Property
  • Tax-Free Exchanges
  • Taxation of Involuntary Conversions
  • Health Savings Accounts (HSA)
  • Statute Of Limitations For Tax Penalties and Refunds
  • Tax Penalties

Retirement Plans

Blessed are the young, for they shall inherit the national debt. — Herbert Hoover

  • Retirement Plans
  • Types of Retirement Plans: Traditional and Roth IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, SIMPLE 401(k)s, Simplified Employee Pensions; Safe Harbor 401(k)s, Traditional and Roth 401(k)s, Profit-Sharing Plans; Defined-Benefit Plans
  • Traditional Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
  • IRA Distributions
  • Roth IRAs
  • SIMPLE IRAs
  • Simplified Employee Pension Plans (SEP)
  • Qualified Retirement Plans, Including 401(k) Plans
  • Designated Roth Accounts
  • Lump-Sum Distributions

Taxation of Investments

  • Deductibility of Investment Expenses
  • Capital Gains and Losses
  • Holding Periods For Property
  • Taxation of Dividends
  • Taxation of Security Transactions
  • Taxation of Securities Trading When Conducted as a Business
  • Small Business Stock Sales And Exchanges
  • Stock Redemptions
  • Taxation of Bond Income
  • Taxation Of Options and Convertible Securities
  • Constructive Sales Of Appreciated Financial Positions
  • Taxation of Short Sales
  • Wash Sales
  • Passive Activity: Material Participation Tests
  • At-Risk Limitation Rules
  • Passive Activity Rules
  • Rental Income: Active or Passive
  • Real Estate Investments Taxation
  • Deductibility of Real Estate Rental Losses
  • Installment Sales Taxation
  • Taxation of Business Sales
  • Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT)

Business Taxes

  • Accounting Methods: Cash, Accrual, and Hybrid
  • Accounting Methods for Long-Term Contracts: Completed Contract Method, Percentage of Completion Method
  • Self-Employment Tax
  • Home Office Deduction
  • New Safe Harbor for Claiming the Home Office Deduction
  • Tax Classifications For Workers: Employees, Independent Contractors, Statutory Employees, And Statutory Nonemployees
  • Misclassifying Workers as Independent Contractors
  • Household Employment Taxes (Nanny Tax)
  • Employee Expense Reimbursements: Accountable and Nonaccountable Plans
  • Travel Expense Deductions
  • Meals and Entertainment Deductions
  • Net Operating Losses (NOLs)
  • Cost Recovery Methods: Depreciation, Amortization, and Depletion
  • Depreciation
  • Amortization
  • Section 179 Deduction
  • Listed Property
  • Section 1231 Assets
  • Taxation of Real Estate Rights Transactions: Lease Cancellations, Real Estate Options, Easements, And Covenants
  • Low-Income Housing and Rehabilitation Tax Credits
  • Partnerships
  • Partnership Distributions
  • Partnership Interest Sale
  • Limited Liability Companies
  • S Corporations
  • S Corporation Distributions
  • Suspended Losses from the Disposition of an Interest in a Pass-Through Entity
  • Family Businesses
  • C Corporations
  • Personal Service Corporations
  • Corporate Distributions
  • Corporate Accumulation Penalty Taxes
  • Controlled Corporate Groups
  • Consolidated Corporate Tax Returns
  • Permanent and Temporary Differences between Book Income and Taxable Income for Partnerships and Corporations
  • Corporate Acquisitions and Mergers
  • Multistate-Business Taxation
  • International Business Taxation
  • Subpart F Income of Controlled Foreign Corporations
  • Transfer Pricing
  • Sourcing Of Income And Deductions In International Business And Investment Transactions
  • United States Taxation of Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations
  • Tax Consequences of Foreign Currency Transactions

Gratuitous Transfer Taxes

The only difference between death and taxes is that death doesn't get worse every time Congress meets. — Will Rogers

Blessed are the young, for they shall inherit the national debt. — Herbert Hoover

  • Federal Gift Tax – Overview
  • Gross Estate
  • Estate Taxes
  • Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes
  • Gift, Estate, And Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax Calculations
  • Deceased Spousal Unused Exclusion (DSUE) Portability
  • Reducing Gift, Estate, And Generation-Skipping Taxes
  • Why the Estate Tax?
  • Taxation of Trusts and their Beneficiaries
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